What is a short, written description of a job applicant's personal data, education, and experience?

A résumé is a concise, structured document that summarizes an individual's personal data, educational background, work experience, skills, and achievements. It serves as a key tool for job applicants to present their qualifications to potential employers in a clear and organized manner. A well-crafted résumé allows applicants to highlight their strengths and demonstrate their suitability for a specific role, making it an essential component of the job application process.

In contrast, a portfolio typically contains samples of an individual's work, showcasing their skills and achievements through physical or digital artifacts. While a cover letter serves to introduce the applicant to the employer and explain their interest in the position, it complements the résumé but is not a summary of the applicant's qualifications. An application often refers to the formal process of applying for a job, which may include various components like a résumé, cover letter, and additional information requested by the employer.